. I was noticing a boost in my attack even though I wasn't leveling my idols (I had a fully leveled attack team, but one's been swapped out with the new June Bride Kyoko, so I'm leveling again) and my attack went up after I leveled up. It wasn't by much, maybe 20? Just not sure how the points factor in. I can't tell if it's a flat boost or a %-based multiplier. I assume Defense works the same way. I'll find out before too much longer since I'm about where I want to be on Defense before I pump a little more Attack. Best as I can tell there isn't a whole lot of information on how stat points boost stats in English aside from how it affects your idols based on cost, but after you have enough to more than cover cost, that really doesn't matter anymore.
as for attack and defense
1. as you know they are used to cover your main team stats
but after that?
2. they are used for backups aka the other idols in your inventory
I'm not sure but they take full cost but only give 4/5 of their power <- this means atk or def to cost ratio must be high to achieve better stats
example
main team total cost = 50
and you have 60 attack points
so the balance is 10 attack points
(for the example I'm using yayoi SR+ which is 10 cost and has an attack of 9975 when MMM)
so yayoi gives you a boost of 6650 attack when you have an extra 10 attack
if you don't though, lets say 56 attack stats = 6 then you would have to 9975*6/10*4/5(<- did a little count and this one seems wrong)
defense works pretty much the same way
example #2
hanami chinatsu leader 10 cost
minami nitta 10 cost
kyoko 11 cost
kumiko 11 cost
val chie 10 cost
total of 52 cost
atk point = 65
balance of 13 points
backup:

kaoru = 4 cost 480 atk [480 * 4/5 = 384]
yuka = 2 cost 240 atk [240 * 4/5 = 192]
yuka = 2 cost 240 atk [same]
rin = 2 cost 240 atk [same]
13-10 = 3 balance
chinatsu = 10 cost 1120 atk [1120 * 3/10 = 336 * 4/5 = 268.8]<- wrong formula(can anyone fix this for me?)
P.S the 2nd chinatsu is max affection